Filter.



c 4S the cylinders D and t extend into a head or flfilltl i no. salati.

Specification oi.' Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 3G, 1906.

Application filed May 17,1905. Serial No. 260,832.

5 and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulimprovements in Filters,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to filters, and has for its object to provide a`lilter which shall be inexpensive to manufacture, ra id in its action,and which can be easily ta en apart for any purpose whatsoever.

My invention will be full described hereinafter, and the features o'novelty will be pointed out in the appended claims.

`Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1. is a vertical section on line l l of y Fig. 2 of a filter madeaccording to my invention, 'and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 22 of Fig. l.

A represents the outer shell of the filter, to which is secured at itslower end an outlet B, which is preferably funnelshaped. A cap C issecure upper end ofthe shell A, said cap C being provided with a neckC', having a central o ening, the purpose of which will be more ully exlained hereinafter.

is a erforated mantle or cylinder preferably ma e of wire screening, andE is a cylinder of pulp of a kind suitable for filtering pur-- poses. ltis to be understood that the wire cylinder D and the pulp cylindcrE areprepared in a suitable wayso that the ulp will extend into the meshes ofthe wire cy inder, thus securing the pulp cylinder and the wire cylindertogether. These two c flinders D and E, forming ractically a sing eAcylinder, are secured in p ace in the filter-shellA by the followingmeans: A head or ca F, which its over the upper ends of thefcy indersand is provided with a central opening, abuts against the cap C with itscentral opening in registry with the opening in the ca C. The lower endsof cap also provided witha central opening. Both of theicaps F and G arebeveled on the inside, as shown at F and Cr', to more securely hold thecylinders in place. It is also to be understood that the pulp cylinder Eis somewhat longer than the wire cylinder D, so

that when the caps are placed on the said cylinders the ends of the pulpcylinder E i5 5 will be turned inward, as shown at E. A ,j supply-pipeH, provided with apertures H in any convenient manner to the andscrew-threaded at both ends, extends through the caps C and F into thecylinders lD and E and through the cap G. A nut I, having handles l, isscrewed on the lower end of the pipe H, which is closed by a plug H2 andserves to secure the cap Gin position, and a nut J, having handles J',is screwed upon the upper end of the pipe H against the neck C ofthe caC and serves to hold the two cyl inders firm y in position in theiilter. A nip ple K is secured to or forms art of the nut J and isadapted to receive the end of a rubber tube or other connectioncommunicating with the source from which the liquid to be filteredflows.

As the liquid enters the filter through the apertures H of the supplyipeIi the pulp cylinder becomes saturate therewith and ands, but owing tothe fact that said pu p cylinder is held by the wire cylinder expansioncan only take place inwardly to ward the source'of supply, excepting atthe ends, where the said cylinder expands to form an absolutely tightjoint between it and the two end caps F and G. This arrangement doesaway with the necessity of having rubber or other gaskets or washers atthe ends to form tight joints. in filters of this kind the pulp has beenheld under great pressure, and as the iiuid to be filtered came n1contact with the pulp the said pulp began to expand. As the said pulp,however, was prevented from fully expanding it became dense andfiltration could only be accoinplished by great pressure. Moreover, whatfiltration does take place in iilters of this kind is not iiberfiltration at all, as theiluid is sim.` ply .forced through theinterstices formed by the indiscriminate crossing and crowding of the`libers. These defects are overcome in my device owing'to the fact thatthe pulp cylinder is permitted to expand toward the center, thusformirj; a liber ilter in which the fibers of the .pulp are free to actin the most cilicient manner as a filtering medium. .An-- otheradvantage of my structure is the fact that illtrationmln this case isradial--tliat is, from a center of suplilylateral and outward-- so thatthe surface of intake is smaller than the surface of discharge. Thisresults in the minimizing of friction and also makes the ilter veryfast.My filter also possesses the important advantage of being self-adjustuab e-that is, it adjusts itself automatically to any degree of pressureof the fluid.

My iilters are not only useful for filtering IOC Q Sinisi water, but.can he used for honey, syrup, oils,

and Varnishes-in fact, anything that can be supplied to them either bygravity or pressure.

Various modifications may be made with- 5 ont departing from the spiritof my invention. I olaim- 1. A. filter comprising two end members orheads', a perforated mantle extending from one'headv to the other, and apulp lining Von 1o the inner surface of said mantle, the ends of thelining engaging the heads to form tight joints therewith, and the innersurface of the lining being exposed so that the inward expansion of thepulp lining is unrestricted.

I 5 i?. A filter comprising two end members or heads, a perforatedinlet-pipe connecting said head, a perforated mantle extending from onehead to the other, a shell surrounding said mantle and having an outlet,and a pulp vzo lining on the inner surface of said mantle, the

ends'of the lining engaging the heads to form tight joints therewith,and the inner surface of the lining being e/Xposed so that the inwardexpansion of the pulp lining is unrestnicited.` 25 3. A filtercomprising two end member or heads heveied on their inner surfaces, aperforated mantle extending from one headto tin: other end. engagingsaid beveled surfaces,

y Witnesses.

lining engaging the heads to form tight oints therewith, andthe innersurface of the ining being exposed so that the inward expansion of thepulp lining is unrestricted.

5. A filter comprising two end members or 4o heads, a perforated pipeconnecting them, a perforated mantle surrounding the pipe and extendingfrom one head to the other, a filterlining on the inner surface of themantle, a cap engaging one of said heads, means for 45 pressing said oaptoward the heads, and a shell connected with said cap and surroundingthe mantle.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing 5o GEORGE il. KNEUPER.

l/Vitnesseis JOHN LOTKA,' JOHN A. KEHLENBECK.

